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Para Badminton

Para badminton is an iteration of badminton tailored to suit the players of a range of abilities. Para badminton shares many of the rules of badminton, particularly the rules for scoring, racket standards, and the change of ends. Differences exist in equipment, parts of the court that can be occupied, and service rules, to name a few. Para badminton has several classes where players with varying physical limitations can compete with and against each other.

Boccia

Boccia is a precision ball sport, like bocce, and related to bowls and pétanque. The sport is contested at local, national, and international levels, by athletes with a whole range of physical and/or mental disabilities. The sport itself was originally designed to be played by people with cerebral palsy but now includes athletes with other disabilities affecting motor skills. In 1984, it became a Paralympic sport and as of 2020, 75 boccia national organizations have joined one or more of the international organizations, such as the Para-Olympic Games

Blind Football

Blind Football is an adapted version of futsal and the only format currently included in the Paralympic Games. the rules of blind football are very similar to the rules of futsal. There are, however, some important exceptions:

Para (Sitting) Volleyball

Sitting Volleyball is perhaps the most widely known form of Para Volley thanks to its inclusion in the Paralympic Games in 1980. Played by over 10,000 athletes, in more than 75 countries worldwide it is a truly global game that anyone can play.

The Sitting Volleyball rules are based on the FIVB rules for able-bodied volleyball, with a few minor modifications. It requires a smaller court and a lower net, and the game is considerably faster than standing volleyball. It’s played in a best-of-five set format, and the first to reach 25 points (with at least a 2-point lead) wins the set. Teams compete in male and female events, with six on the court at a time. At all times, a portion of the athlete’s torso must be in contact with the ground, and service blocks and attacks are allowed.

TAG Rugby

TAG Rugby is a minimal contact team game, in which each player wears shorts with Velcro patches with two tags attached to them.

The mode of play is like Rugby League or Touch Rugby with attacking players attempting to dodge, evade and pass a rugby ball while defenders attempt to prevent them scoring by “tagging” – pulling a Velcro attached tag from the ball carrier.

Seven players in each team are allowed on the field at a time, whilst the field dimensions are 70m by 45m. The attacking team has six plays or tags to try to score a try or take the ball down field as close to the line as possible. Tries are worth one point and there are no conversions. In mixed Tag Rugby, female tries are worth two points.

Wheelchair Tennis

One of the fastest growing wheelchair sports in the world, wheelchair tennis is played in the same way as able-bodied tennis, with the only exception being that a wheelchair tennis player is allowed two bounces of the ball. Men and women compete separately in the Open division, while players with higher levels of impairment compete in the mixed Quad division.

Wheelchair tennis has been a full medal sport at the Paralympic Games since 1992 and has been played at all four Grand Slams since 2007, while the BNP Paribas World Team Cup is the sport’s flagship international team competition.

Wheelchair Basketball

Wheelchair basketball is a fast-paced and fast-growing sport that allows non-disabled and disabled people to compete together in its domestic leagues and competition. It is a sport of skill and physicality on the court and provides competitors with the tools to become more resilient and independent in their everyday lives. In a recent survey, 78% of members said that wheelchair basketball has had a positive impact on their mental health, and 21% of all national league players are non-disabled.

The GB Women’s team are the most successful female squad in the sports history holding the 2018 World Championship Silver and six consecutive European Bronze Medals. Britain has one of the largest women’s leagues in the world and has experienced a 50% increase in university participation in the past few years.

Goalball

Goalball is an exciting Paralympic, indoor, 3-aside team sport, of attack and defend – with a unique twist!

The sport was originally devised in 1946 to help rehabilitate soldiers who had lost their sight during the war. It has been played throughout the world ever since, at the highest level, by people who are blind or partially sighted. The idea of the game is to score goals by bowling the ball along the floor, past the opposing team. Goalball is a truly inclusive sport in that fully sighted players can also play domestically. This is because everybody is required to wear eyeshades so that nobody can see. Players, therefore, must rely entirely on their other senses. The ball contains internal bells so players can track its movement by its sound, whilst the court is marked out with tactile lines so players can feel where they are.

The aim of the game is to throw the ball (along the floor) into the opposition’s goal while defending your own goal. The team with the most goals win.

Para Table Tennis

Para table tennis follows the laws set by the International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF) with only slight modifications to the serving laws for athletes competing in wheelchairs.

Each player aims to hit the ball over the net on to the opponent's half of the table and wins the point if they fail to return it successfully. A match is played over the best of five sets, with each set won by the first player to reach 11 points. A two-point winning margin is required to win each set. The server changes every two points.

Competitions take the form of preliminary rounds followed by knockout stages.

The team events are played over the best of three matches - starting with a doubles and then one or two singles matches to decide the tie.